The 4 Rules of Noon Sakinah and Tanween 

–Tanween is called “nunation”, pronounced as a noon saakinah”نْ” at the end of the nouns

Noon saakinah and tanween have four rules :

1- Al-ith-haar

2- Al-Idgham

3- Al-Ikhfaa

4- Al-Iqlab

1- Al-ith-haar

Meaning: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by any of the six letters of the throat (ء هـ ع ح غ خ).

Way of pronunciation: Noon saakinah and tanween will be pronounced clearly.So, al-ith-haar will occur.

Examples:

منْ هاد

سميعٌ عليم

2- Al-Idgham

There are two types of idgham :

a– Idgham with ghunnah:

Meaning: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by any of the five letters of the word(يرملون) (yaa’ي-raa’ر-meemم- laamل- waawو- noonن).

 Way of pronunciation: Noon saakinah or tanween will be merged into these letters with ghunnah. So, idgham will occur.

Examples:

  فمن يَعمل

  شيءٍ نُكر

b- Idgham without ghunnah:

Meaning: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by laamل, or raa’ ر, it is called idgham without ghunnah.

Way of pronunciation: Noon saakinah or tanween will be merged into these letters with ghunnah. So, idgham will occur.

Examples:

غفورٌ رَّحيم

من رَّب

3- Al-Ikhfaa’

Meaning: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by these fifteen letters(

ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ف ق.

 Way of pronunciation: Noon saakinah and tanween will be hidden in these fifteen letters. So, ikhfaa‘ will occur.

Examples:

مَنصُورا

ماءً ثجاجًا

4- Al-Iqlab

Meaning: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by letter baa'(ب).

Way of pronunciation: Noon saakinah or tanween will be changed into a letter meem(م).

Form of meem: very small meem(م) written over noon saakinah. So, Iqlab will occur.

Examples:

فَأَنبَتنا

يومئذٍ بجهنم

Summary:

1- Al-ith-haar: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by any of the six letters of the throat.

2- Al-idgham: –With ghunnah:

Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by any of the five letters of the word(يرملون). – Without ghunnah: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by laamل, or raa’.

3- Al-ikhfaa: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by these fifteen letters(the rest of the letters except ith-haar, idgham, and ikhfaa letters).

4- Al-iqlab: Noon saakinah or tanween is followed by letter baa'(ب).

Extract the rules of noon saakinah and tanween from the following verse :